![]() Where basic ecological characteristics of the commercial species are considered in timber harvesting prescriptions, mixed dipterocarp forests appear capable of sustained timber yields, habitat conservation, and providing other goods and services. As such, the minimum diameter cutting limit approach is seldom compatible with sustainable forest management. Such extraction rates create massive stand damage (>50% of the remaining tree population), which has a negative impact on the regeneration and growth of many harvested dipterocarp species. Minimum diameter cutting limits in mixed dipterocarp forests of the Malesia region lead to high felling intensities (101). ![]() Selective logging applied in tropical forests is based on one universal criterion: a minimum diameter cutting limit for all commercial timber species. Management of tropical forests for timber and nontimber products exist at local-community scales. However, encouraging models of the successful sustainable These results beg for a reevaluation of the United Nationsįramework Convention on Climate Change proposals to apply a Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation subsidyįor the widespread implementation of SFM logging in tropical forests. Once stored in logged timber and slash takes decades to rebuild. Recent studiesĪlso show that logging in the tropics, even using SFM techniques, releases significant carbon dioxide and that carbon stocks Therefore, industrial-scale SFM is likely to lead to the degradationĪnd devaluation of primary tropical forests as surely as widespread conventional unmanaged logging does today. The minimum technical standards necessary for approaching ecological sustainabilityĭirectly contravene the prospects for financial profitability. Cet article rappelle les contraintes opérationnelles de l'exploitation forestière à impact faible ou réduit, et préconise des approches pour la modélisation des rendements compatibles avec ces systèmes.Ī convincing body of evidence shows that as it is presently codified, sustainable forest-management (SFM) logging implementedĪt an industrial scale guarantees commercial and biological depletion of high-value timber species within three harvests inĪll three major tropical forest regions. Il est plus utile de se servir de modèles par arbre qui intègrent des données spatiales et produisent des résultats pertinents au plan opérationnel, comme les diamètres, les essences et la position des arbres. Ces modèles n'intègrent généralement pas les données spatiales générées par la planification, ils nécessitent des données beaucoup plus nombreuses et différentes de celles utilisées pour planifier les opérations d'abattage et ne produisent pas de résultats utiles à la planification opérationnelle des récoltes. L'absence de ce type de planification parmi les sociétés forestières est principalement due au fait que les modèles d'exploitation forestière en milieu tropical sont généralement basés sur des paramètres de zonage (modèles à l'échelle des peuplements ou selon les classes de dimension) qui ne sont pertinents que par rapport aux besoins de la planification à grande échelle. Cela aiderait les gestionnaires des récoltes et les arpenteurs forestiers à passer d'une optique purement opérationnelle à une optique sylvicole, en prenant en compte des paramètres tels que l'espacement, le recrutement et les tiges d'avenir lors de la planification des opérations d'abattage. Ceux-ci pourraient servir d'appui à la planification d'activités futures basées sur des modèles de croissance et de rendement permettant de prendre en compte des paramètres forestiers importants, comme le DBH et les essences présentes, et de cartographier la position des arbres. L'utilisation de systèmes GPS permet d'élaborer des bases de données spatialisées et des descripteurs clés des arbres. Les sociétés forestières tendent de plus en plus à pratiquer un comptage à 100 % des arbres, associé à une cartographie par GPS, dans le cadre de systèmes d'exploitation à impact faible ou réduit. En général, les aspects sylvicoles ne sont, au mieux, pris en compte qu'implicitement dans les règlements sur l'abattage, et non explicitement dans la planification et les opérations d'abattage. ![]() L'expérience de sociétés forestières pratiquant l'abattage sélectif d'arbres individuels au Sarawak montre que leurs opérations ne sont encadrées en général que par une réglementation de base concernant par exemple le diamètre minimum d'abattage, les dimensions maximales des trouées ou les essences autorisées.
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![]() In Athena Voltaire and the Sorcerer Pope, she has to stop Nazis from getting an artifact that belonged to Pope Sylvester II, whom some claim was a sorcerer (he’s a real pope and he was so accused!). We even get to met her dad, tho he doesn’t come along, tho a movie star does help out. Athena Voltaire and the Volcano Goddess has her going to Hawaii to fight Nazis and the titular volcano goddess. I believe with many of them, others did the artwork. Next up in “Athena Voltaire and the Feathered Serpent,” she is in the jungles of South America protecting a scientist when things go awry when Nazis show up and try to sacrifice her to summon Quetzalcoatl.Ī slight change is “Athena Voltaire and the Isle of the Dead,” there are no Nazis around when Athena is engaged to help find a sunken treasurer and must contend with zombies! Another story without Nazis is “Athena Voltaire and the Vampire Queen” where she returns to the southwest United States to help some old friends deal with a Mexican vampire, and also deal with werewolves.įinally, in “Athena Voltaire and the Immortal Power,” we get the return of Nazis and the occult as Athena is recruited by a rich man (with backing of the Brotherhood) to rescue a scientist from the Nazis in the Middle East, with help from Desmond. In the Compendium, we get “Athena Voltaire and the Brotherhood of Shambalha,” where Desmond recruits her to help stop an occult group working with the Nazis from obtaining a set of scrolls from Tibet that ties to the Vril-ya and Agharta that has them go from Hong Kong to Burma and then Tibet to stop the Nazis. So there isn’t a standing team of associates that tag along for each story, though there is the mysterious Brotherhood of Shambalha that helps out in the background as times as well as having support of a millionaire tied to them. ![]() Lieutenant, later Major, Klimt is a reoccuring foe on the Nazi side. There is mysterious British SIS agent, Desmond Forsyth, though it’s hinted that Forsyth may not be his real name. There are only a few recurring characters, though they aren’t in every story. Then she joined an air circus, learned to fly, and now operates in Los Angeles as a pilot-for-hire. Here we meet Athena, who we learn is the daughter of a stage magician, and learned various skills helping him in his act, as well as in the circus they travelled with. It came out in hardback from Dark Horse Comics under their “Sequential Pulp” imprint. The Compendium collects all the earliest works in a “remastered” form. The Terror on the Orient Express (upcoming 2020?).Athena Voltaire and the Golden Dawn (2018).Athena Voltaire and the Sorcerer Pope (2018).Athena Voltaire and the Volcano Goddess (2017).Created by Steve Bryant (with early assistance from co-writer Paul Daly), she has appeared in several comic book mini-series and is collected in four volumes, plus a prose volume, with more coming. An interesting pulp-style comicbook series stars Athena Voltaire, a 1930s aviatrix who also must contend with fighting the occult and thwarting Nazis. ![]() There’s really one one step here, it’s using that chipset info to see if you can find a match from the huge list of video cards below: Check out the value next to “VRAM (Total)” as well, highlighted in blue in the screenshot, the higher this is the better, with lower values greatly reducing the texture and resolution quality you can run the game.Look next to “Chipset Model” (see the red square in screenshot) and copy the numerical value of the chipset into your clipboard.Now in System Profiler, look under the “Hardware” list and click on “Graphics/Displays”.Hold down the Option key and click on the Apple menu in the upper left corner, select the top result which is “System Information”.What we’re going to do is retrieve the graphics card info from your Mac and then search a giant list of compatible GPU’s to see if and where it appears on a giant list below, this will let you know if your Mac can handle running Skyrim. The first thing to notice is that in terms of RAM and CPU, nearly all modern Macs meet or exceed those specs, so what you really want to focus on is the graphics card chipset and video RAM (VRAM). Direct X 9 compliant video card with 512 MB of RAMīoth cases you’ll need a DirectX compatible sound card but all Macs have those so that isn’t an issue.Minimum Specs – (For running Skyrim on “Low” settings at 1920×1080 resolution) DirectX 9 compatible NVIDIA or AMD ATI video card with 1GB of RAM (Nvidia GeForce GTX 260 or higher ATI Radeon 4890 or higher).Recommended Specs – (For running Skyrim on “High” settings at 1920×1080 resolution) First up, here are the general Skyrim system specs for those who are savvy enough to take this information and make a decision on that alone: Other than that, the maps aren’t really all that noteworthy. An optimization can definitely be done here to make the gameplay more balanced for the Killer. On top of that, the chairs the Killer can use to contain a caught Survivor are too sparse and are placed too far apart. Doors only Survivors can open are placed as obstacles to the Killer all over the map. Each map has an abundance of objects a Survivor can transform as. The maps in the game are decent enough, however, they highly feel like they were constructed with the enjoyment of the Survivors in mind. Even though you turn the setting off in the menu, it still looks and feels like it’s there in-game, and it looks and feels awful. The game also has very poor handling of its motion blur. The game’s FPS drops way too constantly, which worsens immensely during intense moments. ![]() Propnight’s technical performance is also very problematic at the moment. That doesn’t make the game’s bad sides excusable, the game is just fun enough that most of its curves and edges are more hilarious than bothersome. However, because of the game’s goofy atmosphere, all of these flaws somehow feel like they’re part of the charm. It has flaws, a handful of bugs that plague the game, and the gameplay itself can feel very janky at times. It’s also highly satisfying killing a Survivor in this game or correctly pinpointing one who’s disguised as an inanimate object. You’ll definitely know them when you see them. Each Killer character in the game comes with unique abilities that are enjoyable in their own right and all of them take inspiration from other horror and survival titles. That doesn’t mean being the Killer in this game doesn’t come with its own excitement, though. That’s where the goofiness of the game really shines. With Propnight, however, it almost feels like it’s more fun to be the Survivor. The gameplay experience is just more fun that way. With games like this, most players usually want to play as the Killer. It is a well-implemented feature that is more fun than it should be. Survivors can disguise themselves as regular objects while staying still, or they can be aggressive and stun the killer by constantly jumping on them to help teammates. Not only is this feature highly entertaining to make use of, it also adds an opportunity to be strategic. Considering that fact, Propnight gives you a reason to play this game instead with its feature that allows Survivors to transform into virtually any object that you can interact with in the game. An elite gamer and a newbie can play this game together and both would have an equal amount of fun.Īt this point, perhaps the most popular game of this genre, more commonly known as “Asymmetrical Multiplayer,” is Dead by Daylight. The game’s core gameplay loop is a tried and tested formula that’s best suited to be played by friends simply because the gameplay is so basic that there’s virtually no skill requirement whatsoever. The Survivors can then go through these doors to escape. Survivors must fix 5 out of 7 Propmachines while avoiding the Killer so that certain doors around the map can open. It is a 4v1 survival multiplayer game where one plays as the Killer and the rest play as Survivors. The gameplay of Propnight is very simple. You’ll spend hours and hours on it with your friends, embracing the game’s whimsical yet effective mechanics, and you’ll proudly feel responsible for making the hours of entertainment happen. ![]() ![]() Propnight is the type of game you can introduce to your friends and it can give you a sense of pride and catharsis after. Propnight is a whole lot of fun and I believe every single one of you, regardless of whichever type of game you prefer, should at least give this game a try. Despite this, the hours I spent playing Propnight reminded me of why I should be open-minded when it comes to games. That said, Propnight shouldn’t be my type of game. I’m the type of player who mainly prefers a gaming experience that’s centered around a story, if not simply an overarching narrative that drives progression forward. |
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